extract
I just struggled for a while with this, although it may be obvious to others.
If you have an array with mixed type content such as:
<?php
$ary = array (
1,
"John",
0,
"Foo",
"Bar"
);
?>
be sure to use the strict checking when searching for a string in the array, or it will match on the 0 int in that array and give a true for all values of needle that are strings strings.
<?php
var_dump( in_array( 2, $ary ) );
// outputs FALSE
var_dump( in_array( 'Not in there', $ary ) );
// outputs TRUE
var_dump( in_array( 'Not in there', $ary, TRUE ) );
// outputs FALSE
?>
in_array
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
in_array — Indique si une valeur appartient à un tableau
Description
Recherche needle dans haystack .
Liste de paramètres
- needle
-
La valeur recherchée.
Note: Si needle est une chaîne, la comparaison est faite en tenant compte de la casse.
- haystack
-
Le tableau.
- strict
-
Le troisième paramètre strict est optionnel. S'il vaut TRUE alors in_array() vérifiera aussi que le type du paramètre needle correspond au type de la valeur trouvée dans haystack .
Valeurs de retour
Retourne TRUE si needle est trouvé dans le tableau, FALSE sinon.
Historique
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 4.2.0 | needle peut maintenant être un tableau. |
Exemples
Exemple #1 Exemple avec in_array()
<?php
$os = array("Mac", "NT", "Irix", "Linux");
if (in_array("Irix", $os)) {
echo "Got Irix";
}
if (in_array("mac", $os)) {
echo "Got mac";
}
?>
La seconde condition échoue, car in_array() est sensible à la casse. Le script retourne :
Got Irix
Exemple #2 Exemple avec in_array() et le mode strict
<?php
$a = array('1.10', 12.4, 1.13);
if (in_array('12.4', $a, true)) {
echo "'12.4' est trouvé avec le mode strict\n";
}
if (in_array(1.13, $a, true)) {
echo "1.13 est trouvé avec le mode strict\n";
}
?>
L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :
1.13 est trouvé avec le mode strict
Exemple #3 Exemple avec in_array() et un tableau en paramètre
<?php
$a = array(array('p', 'h'), array('p', 'r'), 'o');
if (in_array(array('p', 'h'), $a)) {
echo "'ph' a été trouvé\n";
}
if (in_array(array('f', 'i'), $a)) {
echo "'fi' was found\n";
}
if (in_array('o', $a)) {
echo "'o' a été trouvé\n";
}
?>
L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :
'ph' a été trouvé 'o' a été trouvé
Voir aussi
- array_search() - Recherche dans un tableau la clé associée à une valeur
- isset() - Détermine si une variable est définie et est différente de NULL
- array_key_exists() - Vérifie si une clé existe dans un tableau
add a note
User Contributed Notesin_array
john at dwarven dot co dot uk
01-Jul-2009 11:34
01-Jul-2009 11:34
MarkAndrewSlade at gmail dot com
17-Apr-2009 05:46
17-Apr-2009 05:46
This function will generate a PHP_NOTICE if you are looking for data of type A in an array containing data of type B if casting A to B would generate a PHP_NOTICE. This may not be obvious. For example:
<?php
$o = new stdClass;
$a = array(1, 2, $o);
in_array(5, $a);
?>
The output here is:
Notice: Object of class stdClass could not be converted to int in /some/script.php on line 5
Thingmand
09-Mar-2009 07:58
09-Mar-2009 07:58
A little function to use an array of needles:
<?php
function array_in_array($needles, $haystack) {
foreach ($needles as $needle) {
if ( in_array($needle, $haystack) ) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
brouwer dot p at gmail dot com
08-Mar-2009 10:55
08-Mar-2009 10:55
If made a in_array function that checks if the specified key matches. It works recursivly so it doesn't matter how deep your input array is.
<?php
function myInArray($array, $value, $key){
//loop through the array
foreach ($array as $val) {
//if $val is an array cal myInArray again with $val as array input
if(is_array($val)){
if(myInArray($val,$value,$key))
return true;
}
//else check if the given key has $value as value
else{
if($array[$key]==$value)
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
Kelvin J
28-Feb-2009 01:04
28-Feb-2009 01:04
For a case-insensitive in_array(), you can use array_map() to avoid a foreach statement, e.g.:
<?php
function in_arrayi($needle, $haystack) {
return in_array(strtolower($needle), array_map('strtolower', $haystack));
}
?>
selmand [at] gmail.com
13-Feb-2009 12:38
13-Feb-2009 12:38
Removes same text with in_array in a string.
<?
$hizmet="aeg,akai,aeg,arcelik,aeg,arcelik,klima,kombi";
// alots of same stings
$x=explode(",",$hizmet);
$t= array();
$k=0;
for($i=0;$i<sizeof($x);$i++){ // this for remove its
//echo $x[$i]."\n";
if(!in_array($x[$i],$t))
{
$t[$k]=$x[$i];
$k++;
}
}
for($i=0;$i<sizeof($t);$i++){ // rebuilding $hizmet strings.
echo $t[$i].",";
}
?>
soxred93 at gmail dot com
28-Jan-2009 09:37
28-Jan-2009 09:37
Here's a simple little function I wrote that is a case insensitive version of in_array():
<?php
function in_arrayi( $needle, $haystack ) {
$found = false;
foreach( $haystack as $value ) {
if( strtolower( $value ) == strtolower( $needle ) ) {
$found = true;
}
}
return $found;
}
?>
jordigirones at gmail dot com
21-Jan-2009 03:54
21-Jan-2009 03:54
function similar to in_array but implements LIKE '<string>%'
<?php
function in_array_like($referencia,$array){
foreach($array as $ref){
if (strstr($referencia,$ref)){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
rhill at xenu-directory dot net
17-Jan-2009 09:05
17-Jan-2009 09:05
I found out that in_array will *not* find an associative array within a haystack of associative arrays in strict mode if the keys were not generated in the *same order*:
<?php
$needle = array(
'fruit'=>'banana', 'vegetable'=>'carrot'
);
$haystack = array(
array('vegetable'=>'carrot', 'fruit'=>'banana'),
array('fruit'=>'apple', 'vegetable'=>'celery')
);
echo in_array($needle, $haystack, true) ? 'true' : 'false';
// Output is 'false'
echo in_array($needle, $haystack) ? 'true' : 'false';
// Output is 'true'
?>
I had wrongly assumed the order of the items in an associative array were irrelevant, regardless of whether 'strict' is TRUE or FALSE: The order is irrelevant *only* if not in strict mode.
james dot ellis at gmail dot com
30-Oct-2008 05:17
30-Oct-2008 05:17
Be aware of oddities when dealing with 0 (zero) values in an array...
This script:
<?php
$array = array('testing',0,'name');
var_dump($array);
//this will return true
var_dump(in_array('foo', $array));
//this will return false
var_dump(in_array('foo', $array, TRUE));
?>
It seems in non strict mode, the 0 value in the array is evaluating to boolean FALSE and in_array returns TRUE. Use strict mode to work around this peculiarity.
This only seems to occur when there is an integer 0 in the array. A string '0' will return FALSE for the first test above (at least in 5.2.6).
james dot randell at hotmail dot co dot uk
16-Sep-2008 09:54
16-Sep-2008 09:54
Small method i built for my Array module, after looking through the manual I wanted a small compact way of making a wildcard search through an arrays values, and returning only those that it found.
<?php
/**
* Takes a needle and haystack (just like in_array()) and does a wildcard search on it's values.
*
* @param string $string Needle to find
* @param array $array Haystack to look through
* @result array Returns the elements that the $string was found in
*/
function find ($string, $array = array ())
{
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
unset ($array[$key]);
if (strpos($value, $string) !== false) {
$array[$key] = $value;
}
}
return $array;
}
?>
alishahnovin at hotmail dot com
02-Sep-2008 07:43
02-Sep-2008 07:43
Here's a function that does an in_array, but takes wildcards in the needle, and also can be case sensitive/insensitive...
A few points:
-It doesn't use foreach, but for, which is quicker
-I didn't use regex to search with a wildcard for the reason that the needle could be unpredictable if it's user-input, and rather than having to escape metacharacters, I decided it would be easier to do a plain text comparison.
-Needles with wildcards can come in many forms such as:
Str*ng
S*r*ng*
*rng
*i*n*
so a split is being done on that string, and each part is then compared with the current item. If the first part is not found, the comparison is done, and we move on. If it IS found, we move on to the next part of the needle, while chopping off the initial part of the haystack string. This is to ensure that each comparison of a needle part is looking at the next part of the haystack string.
For example:
needle: "Bo*bo"
haystack[0] = "Bob is lazy"
On the first pass, when searching "Bo", we then modify the haystack[0] to be: "b is lazy" so that "bo" is compared with that. Otherwise, we'd be comparing "bo" with "Bob is lazy", and returning true incorrectly.
I haven't fully tested the function, so let me know if you spot any bugs, or have any questions.
<?php
function in_wildarray($needle, $haystack, $case_sensitive=true) {
$is_wild = (strpos($needle,"*")===true)? true : false;
$needles = ($is_wild)? explode("*", $needle) : array();
$needle = ($case_sensitive)? $needle : strtolower($needle);
for($i=0;$i<count($haystack);$i++) {
$haystack_str = ($case_sensitive)? haystack[$i] : strtolower($haystack[$i]);
if ($is_wild) {
$found = false;
for($x=0;$x<count($needles);$x++) {
$needle_part = trim($needles[x]);
$needle_index = strpos($haystack_str, $needle_part);
if ($needle_index===false) {
$found = false;
break; //break out of the loop, because string part is not found in the haystack string
} else {
$found = true;
//chop off the start of the string to the needle_index
//so we can be sure that the found items are in the correct order
//and we are avoiding the potential of finding duplicate characters
$haystack_str = substr($haystack_str, 0, $needle_index);
}
}
if ($found) { return true; }
} elseif (!$is_wild && $haystack_str == $needle) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
As the code is right now, when there are wild cards, it will treat the initial segment as though it's preceded with a wild card. In other words, the first segment will be searched, not simply at the beginning of the string, but anywhere. Because it's a simple fix, I'll leave it to others. :)
crashrox at gmail dot com
21-Jul-2008 03:34
21-Jul-2008 03:34
Recursive in array using SPL
<?php
function in_array_recursive($needle, $haystack) {
$it = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($haystack));
foreach($it AS $element) {
if($element == $needle) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
Martijn Wieringa
19-May-2008 09:20
19-May-2008 09:20
When using numbers as needle, it gets tricky:
Note this behaviour (3rd statement):
in_array(0, array(42)) = FALSE
in_array(0, array('42')) = FALSE
in_array(0, array('Foo')) = TRUE
in_array('0', array('Foo')) = FALSE
sick949 at hotmail dot com
05-Mar-2008 11:43
05-Mar-2008 11:43
A first idea for a function that checks if a text is in a specific column of an array.
It does not use in_array function because it doesn't check via columns.
Its a test, could be much better. Do not use it without test.
<?php
function in_array_column($text, $column, $array)
{
if (!empty($array) && is_array($array))
{
for ($i=0; $i < count($array); $i++)
{
if ($array[$i][$column]==$text || strcmp($array[$i][$column],$text)==0) return true;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
guitar king
29-Jan-2008 07:52
29-Jan-2008 07:52
In PHP 4, the first argument seems not allowed to be an object. In PHP 5, also objects are allowed as $needle.
f d0t fesser att gmx d0t net
16-Oct-2007 10:20
16-Oct-2007 10:20
In case you have to check for unknown or dynamic variables in an array, you can use the following simple work-around to avoid misleading checks against empty and zero values (and only these "values"!):
<?php
in_array($value, $my_array, empty($value) && $value !== '0');
?>
The function empty() is the right choice as it turns to true for all 0, null and ''.
The '0' value (where empty() returns true as well) has to be excluded manually (as this is handled by in_array correctly!).
Examples:
<?php
$val = 0;
$res = in_array($val, array('2007'));
?>
leads incorrectly to true where
<?php
$val = 0;
$res = in_array($val, array('2007'), empty($val) && $val !== '0');
?>
leads correctly to false (strict check!) while
<?php
$val = 2007;
$res = in_array($val, array('2007'), empty($val) && $val !== '0');
?>
still correctly finds the '2007' ($res === true) because it ignores strict checking for that value.
info at b1g dot de
02-Aug-2007 05:44
02-Aug-2007 05:44
Be careful with checking for "zero" in arrays when you are not in strict mode.
in_array(0, array()) == true
in_array(0, array(), true) == false
Quaquaversal
21-May-2007 03:48
21-May-2007 03:48
A simple function to type less when wanting to check if any one of many values is in a single array.
<?php
function array_in_array($needle, $haystack) {
//Make sure $needle is an array for foreach
if(!is_array($needle)) $needle = array($needle);
//For each value in $needle, return TRUE if in $haystack
foreach($needle as $pin)
if(in_array($pin, $haystack)) return TRUE;
//Return FALSE if none of the values from $needle are found in $haystack
return FALSE;
}
?>
Bodo Graumann
16-Mar-2007 06:43
16-Mar-2007 06:43
Be careful!
in_array(null, $some_array)
seems to differ between versions
with 5.1.2 it is false
but with 5.2.1 it's true!
musik at krapplack dot de
04-Jun-2006 12:52
04-Jun-2006 12:52
I needed a version of in_array() that supports wildcards in the haystack. Here it is:
<?php
function my_inArray($needle, $haystack) {
# this function allows wildcards in the array to be searched
foreach ($haystack as $value) {
if (true === fnmatch($value, $needle)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
$haystack = array('*krapplack.de');
$needle = 'www.krapplack.de';
echo my_inArray($needle, $haystack); # outputs "true"
?>
Unfortunately, fnmatch() is not available on Windows or other non-POSIX compliant systems.
Cheers,
Thomas
rick at fawo dot nl
09-Apr-2006 03:23
09-Apr-2006 03:23
Here's another deep_in_array function, but this one has a case-insensitive option :)
<?
function deep_in_array($value, $array, $case_insensitive = false){
foreach($array as $item){
if(is_array($item)) $ret = deep_in_array($value, $item, $case_insensitive);
else $ret = ($case_insensitive) ? strtolower($item)==$value : $item==$value;
if($ret)return $ret;
}
return false;
}
?>
sandrejev at gmail dot com
22-Feb-2006 03:11
22-Feb-2006 03:11
Sorry, that deep_in_array() was a bit broken.
<?php
function deep_in_array($value, $array) {
foreach($array as $item) {
if(!is_array($item)) {
if ($item == $value) return true;
else continue;
}
if(in_array($value, $item)) return true;
else if(deep_in_array($value, $item)) return true;
}
return false;
}
?>
kitchin
05-Feb-2006 02:52
05-Feb-2006 02:52
Here's a gotcha, and another reason to always use strict with this function.
$x= array('this');
$test= in_array(0, $x);
var_dump($test); // true
$x= array(0);
$test= in_array('that', $x);
var_dump($test); // true
$x= array('0');
$test= in_array('that', $x);
var_dump($test); // false
It's hard to think of a reason to use this function *without* strict.
This is important for validating user input from a set of allowed values, such as from a <select> tag.
14-Jan-2006 05:44
in_arrayr -- Checks if the value is in an array recursively
Description
bool in_array (mixed needle, array haystack)
<?php
function in_arrayr($needle, $haystack) {
foreach ($haystack as $v) {
if ($needle == $v) return true;
elseif (is_array($v)) return in_arrayr($needle, $v);
}
return false;
}
// i think it works
?>
adrian foeder
08-Nov-2005 09:21
08-Nov-2005 09:21
hope this function may be useful to you, it checks an array recursively (if an array has sub-array-levels) and also the keys, if wanted:
<?php
function rec_in_array($needle, $haystack, $alsokeys=false)
{
if(!is_array($haystack)) return false;
if(in_array($needle, $haystack) || ($alsokeys && in_array($needle, array_keys($haystack)) )) return true;
else {
foreach($haystack AS $element) {
$ret = rec_in_array($needle, $element, $alsokeys);
}
}
return $ret;
}
?>
tacone at gmx dot net
03-Aug-2005 02:05
03-Aug-2005 02:05
Beware of type conversion!
This snippet will unset every 0 key element form the array, when cycling an array which contains at least one _num value.
This is because php tries to convert every element of $forbidden_elements to integer when encountering a numeric index into array.
So $array[0] it's considered equal to (int)'_num'.
<?php
$forbidden_elements=array('_num');
foreach ($array as $key=>$value){
if (in_array($key,$forbidden_elements)){
unset ($array[$key]);
}
}
?>
The following example works, anway you can use strict comparison as well.
<?php
$forbidden_elements=array('_num');
foreach ($array as $key=>$value){
if (in_array($key,$forbidden_elements) && is_string($key)){
unset ($array[$key]);
}
}
?>
Aragorn5551 at gmx dot de
11-Jun-2005 12:26
11-Jun-2005 12:26
If you have a multidimensional array filled only with Boolean values like me, you need to use 'strict', otherwise in_array() will return an unexpected result.
Example:
<?php
$error_arr = array('error_one' => FALSE, 'error_two' => FALSE, array('error_three' => FALSE, 'error_four' => FALSE));
if (in_array (TRUE, $error_arr)) {
echo 'An error occurred';
}
else {
echo 'No error occurred';
}
?>
This will return 'An error occurred' although theres no TRUE value inside the array in any dimension. With 'strict' the function will return the correct result 'No error occurred'.
Hope this helps somebody, cause it took me some time to figure this out.
gordon at kanazawa-gu dot ac dot jp
08-Jan-2003 01:05
08-Jan-2003 01:05
case-insensitive version of in_array:
<?php
function is_in_array($str, $array) {
return preg_grep('/^' . preg_quote($str, '/') . '$/i', $array);
}
?>
pingjuNOSPAM at stud dot NOSPAM dot ntnu dot no
25-Nov-2002 02:56
25-Nov-2002 02:56
if the needle is only a part of an element in the haystack, FALSE will be returned, though the difference maybe only a special char like line feeding (\n or \r).
tom at orbittechservices dot com
10-Aug-2002 02:17
10-Aug-2002 02:17
I searched the general mailing list and found that in PHP versions before 4.2.0 needle was not allowed to be an array.
Here's how I solved it to check if a value is in_array to avoid duplicates;
<?php
$myArray = array(array('p', 'h'), array('p', 'r'));
$newValue = "q";
$newInsert = array('p','q');
$itBeInThere = 0;
foreach ($myArray as $currentValue) {
if (in_array ($newValue, $currentValue)) {
$itBeInThere = 1;
}
if ($itBeInThere != 1) {
array_unshift ($myArray, $newInsert);
}
?>
one at groobo dot com
07-May-2002 10:14
07-May-2002 10:14
Sometimes, you might want to search values in array, that does not exist. In this case php will display nasty warning:
Wrong datatype for second argument in call to in_array() .
In this case, add a simple statement before the in_array function:
<?php
if (sizeof($arr_to_searchin) == 0 || !in_array($value, $arr_to_searchin)) { /*...*/ }
?>
In this case, the 1st statement will return true, omitting the 2nd one.
jon at gaarsmand dot dk
09-Apr-2002 03:53
09-Apr-2002 03:53
If you want to search a multiple array for a value - you can use this function - which looks up the value in any of the arrays dimensions (like in_array() does in the first dimension).
Note that the speed is growing proportional with the size of the array - why in_array is best if you can determine where to look for the value.
Copy & paste this into your code...
<?php
function in_multi_array($needle, $haystack)
{
$in_multi_array = false;
if(in_array($needle, $haystack))
{
$in_multi_array = true;
}
else
{
for($i = 0; $i < sizeof($haystack); $i++)
{
if(is_array($haystack[$i]))
{
if(in_multi_array($needle, $haystack[$i]))
{
$in_multi_array = true;
break;
}
}
}
}
return $in_multi_array;
}
?>